2018年5月23日 星期三
2018年5月21日 星期一
crawling, bot,
Twitter bots may have altered the outcome of two of the world’s most consequential elections in recent years.
An Internet Bot, also known as web robot, WWW robot or simply bot, is a software application that runs automated tasks (scripts) over the Internet.[1] Typically, bots perform tasks that are both simple and structurally repetitive, at a much higher rate than would be possible for a human alone. The largest use of bots is in web spidering (web crawler), in which an automated script fetches, analyzes and files information from web servers at many times the speed of a human. More than half of all web traffic is made up of bots.[2]
Efforts by servers hosting websites to counteract bots vary. Servers may choose to outline rules on the behaviour of internet bots by implementing a
robots.txt file: this file is simply text stating the rules governing a bot's behaviour on that server. Any bot interacting with (or 'spidering') any server that does not follow these rules should, in theory, be denied access to, or removed from, the affected website. If the only rule implementation by a server is a posted text file with no associated program/software/app, then adhering to those rules is entirely voluntary – in reality there is no way to enforce those rules, or even to ensure that a bot's creator or implementer acknowledges, or even reads, the robots.txt file contents. Some bots are "good" – e.g. search engine spiders – while others can be used to launch malicious and harsh attacks, most notably, in political campaigns.[2]
//透過網站爬蟲 (Web crawling) 技術，把創新及科技基金二十多年投資的五千多個科研項目數據從基金網站發掘出來和整理後，並以圖像方法展示數據。//
crawl
4
2018年5月14日 星期一
"involuntary celibate", later shortened to "invcel" and then "incel",
BBC Trending investigates the angry young men who describe themselves as "involuntarily celibate".
Incel - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incel
Incels are an online subculture whose members define themselves as being unable to find a romantic or sexual partner despite desiring one. Self-identified ...
Coinage
The phrase "involuntary celibate", later shortened to "invcel" and then "incel", is reported to have been coined by a Canadian college student named Alana in 1993 or 1997, when she created a website in order to discuss her sexual inactivity with others.[8][16][17][18] The website, titled "Alana's Involuntary Celibacy Project",[8] was used by people of all genders to share posts about the topic. The abbreviation of incel originated from INVCEL, which was the name of a mailing list she started in 1997 for involuntary celibacy.[19] During her college career and after, she realized she was queer, and became more comfortable with her identity. She later gave the site to a stranger. After reading about the 2014 Isla Vista killings, she wrote, "Like a scientist who invented something that ended up being a weapon of war, I can't uninvent this word, nor restrict it to the nicer people who need it."[18] Alana expressed regret at the change in usage, with her original intention being to create an "inclusive community" for men and women who were sexually deprived due to social awkwardness, marginalization or mental illness.[20]
2018年5月11日 星期五
Publish or Perish
"Publish or perish" is a phrase coined to describe the pressure in academia to rapidly and continually publishacademic work to sustain or further one's career.[1][2][3]
Origin[edit]
The earliest known use of the term in an academic context was in a 1927 journal article.[6][7] The phrase appeared in a non-academic context in the 1932 book, Archibald Cary Coolidge: Life and Letters, by Harold Jefferson Coolidge.[8] In 1938, the phrase appeared in a college-related publication.[9] According to Eugene Garfield, the expression first appeared in an academic context in Logan Wilson's book, "The Academic Man: A Study in the Sociology of a Profession", published in 1942.[10]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publish_or_perish
Publish or Perish
Google 翻譯成：
發布或消亡張華兄：
文字遊戲翻譯一則Publish or Perish
不出版就出局
(這句的翻譯其實不難，
網路上已有人譯過)
---
- Publish .
- 発表かさもなくば破滅か（◆研究発表を宿命づけられた学者についての標語）.
2018年5月9日 星期三
'fake news', botnet, Internet troll, yellow journalism
A man clutches a newspaper with the words "Fake News" daubed across its front, a detail from an 1894 Puck illustration satirising "Yellow Journalism". More here: http://publicdomainreview.org/…/yellow-journalism-the-fake…/
Collins Dictionary picks 'fake news' as Word of the Year
POLITICO.eu · 1 day ago
美國總統川普愛用而在全球爆紅的「假新聞」一詞，前天被《柯林斯字典》（Collins Dictionary）選為2017年年度字彙，過去一年來被使用量暴增365%。
新版《柯林斯字典》將收錄「假新聞」一詞，其定義為「打著新聞報導名義所傳播的不實資訊，通常相當聳動」。該字典語言內容總監紐斯特德（Helen Newstead）形容：「無論出於事實陳述或指控，『假新聞』一詞今年讓人無法小覷，削弱了社會對於新聞報導的信任」。
新版《柯林斯字典》將收錄「假新聞」一詞，其定義為「打著新聞報導名義所傳播的不實資訊，通常相當聳動」。該字典語言內容總監紐斯特德（Helen Newstead）形容：「無論出於事實陳述或指控，『假新聞』一詞今年讓人無法小覷，削弱了社會對於新聞報導的信任」。
The campaign reportedly included technology like botnets as well as paid human trolls.
Russian Effort Helped Spread Fake Election News, Report Says
The propaganda was part of a broader campaign to influence the election
FORTUNE.COM
2016.7.5現在 HummingBad 目的只為了賺錢，但 Check Point 特別強調，那只是「現在」。Yingmob 可以利用 HummingBad 做衝廣告流量、衝下載量更多、更可怕的事，像是把被感染裝置變成 botnet（殭屍網路），作為網路攻擊用途；又或者是蒐集每個裝置上的資料做成資料庫，若遇上比較有價值的資料，就可以得到高敏感度資料，或者藉由他的相關資料對他的其他裝置進行針對性攻擊、獲取更有價值的資料；也可以控制使用者的裝置，變成勒索軟體賺入更多的錢。
Internet troll - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_troll
In Internet slang, a troll (/ˈtroʊl/, /ˈtrɒl/) is a person who sows discord on the Internet by starting arguments or upsetting people, by posting inflammatory, extraneous, or off-topic messages in an online community (such as a newsgroup, forum, chat room, or blog) with the intent of provoking readers into an emotional ...NOUN
- Journalism that is based upon sensationalism and crude exaggeration.‘equating murder and dismemberment with smoking pot is the worst yellow journalism’
Origin
1895: from the appearance in an issue of the New York World of a cartoon in which a child in a yellow dress ( ‘The Yellow Kid’) was the central figure. The color printing was an experiment designed to attract customers.
botnet
Pronunciation: /ˈbɒtnɛt/
NOUN
2018年5月8日 星期二
blogosphere, manosphere or androsphere
In the manosphere, “Blue Pillers” are those who uncritically accept that women are discriminated against. “Red Pillers” believe it’s actually the other way around
In the manosphere, "Blue-pill Thinkers" are those who uncritically accept the idea that society discriminates against women. “Red Pillers”, by contrast, believe it is men who are worse-off. Welcome to 21st-century misogyny
Enter the manosphere, where men believe they have it harder than women
The rebalancing of the sexes has spawned 21st-century misogyny
ECON.ST
In the manosphere, "Blue-pill Thinkers" are those who uncritically accept the idea that society discriminates against women. “Red Pillers”, by contrast, believe it is men who are worse-off. Welcome to 21st-century misogyny
Enter the manosphere, where men believe they have it harder than women
The rebalancing of the sexes has spawned 21st-century misogyny
ECON.ST
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 | The neutrality of this article is disputed. (May 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) |
The manosphere (portmanteau of man and blogosphere) or androsphere[1] (from Ancient Greek: ἀνήρ, anēr, genitive ἀνδρός, andros, "man") is a name given to a loose and informal network of blogs, forums[2] and websites, with internet commentators focussing on issues relating to men and masculinity, as a male counterpart to feminism or in opposition to it. Many of these are men's spaces. Their content is varied, and includes Men Going Their Own Way (MGTOW),[3] men's rights issues, fathers' rights movement activists, and male victims ofabuse,[4] self-improvement, bodybuilding, antifeminism, seduction community commentary for pick-up artists.[2][5]
The manosphere has its own distinct jargon. Manosphere websites commonly use red pill and blue pill imagery as an analogy; accepting the manosphere's ideology is equated with "taking the red pill", and "blue pill" refers to those who disagree with their philosophy. The terms "alpha male" and "beta male" are also commonly used.[2]
Notable examples of manosphere sites reportedly include the Red Pill Room, A Voice for Men and Roosh V's website Return Of Kings as well as his personal blog and forum.[2][4][6][7] Reddit is a popular gathering place for manosphere supporters, and there are several forums on the site that are geared toward its ideas. One of these, the Red Pill subreddit, has over 100,000 subscribers.[4][8]