super-spreader ：超級傳播者

Super-spreader：超級傳播者

我們大多數人第一次意識到這個詞是在今年春天，3月在華盛頓州，一名參加唱詩班排練的人將病毒傳播給了52個人。根據Google趨勢數據，在今年的大部分時間——即在10月初以前——該詞的搜索量一直很低。在臭名昭著的白宮玫瑰園“超級傳播者”事件之後，該詞的搜索量激增，人們認為這件事加速了該病毒在特朗普的內部圈子以及其他地方的傳播。

1.21

The Wuhan virus has killed a fourth patient in the city, as authorities report 15 infections among hospital staff.

Priority now must be to stop emergence of ‘super-spreaders’, with one carrier already infecting more than a dozen medical personnel, specialist says.

SCMP.COM

Wuhan virus infecting hospital staff raises fear of ‘super-spreader’

維基百科，自由的百科全書

跳至導覽跳至搜尋

九龍維景酒店9樓房間SARS傳播情況

超級傳播者為一流行病學術語，是指一名具有極高傳染性的帶病者，其比正常帶病者更容易傳染他人，而導致疫症大規模爆發。因此，在疾病傳播研究中，超級傳播者往往受到高度關注。

實際上，典型的超級傳播通常符合80/20法則，即大約20％的受感染者導致了80％的傳播個案。^[1]

超級傳播事件受多種因素影響，包括族群免疫力、醫院內感染、病毒性、病毒載量、誤診、傳播途徑、免疫抑制和多重病原體感染。^[2]

A super-spreader is a host—an organism infected with a disease—that disproportionally infects more secondary contacts than other hosts who are also infected with the same disease. A sick human can be a super-spreader; they would be more likely to infect others than most people with the disease. Super-spreaders are thus of high concern in epidemiology (the study of the spread of diseases).




During the 2003 SARS outbreak in Beijing, China, epidemiologists defined a super-spreader as an individual with transmission of SARS to at least eight contacts.[4]

Super-spreaders may or may not show any symptoms of the disease.[5][6]